Review Article
Immunogenetic Factors Associated with Severe Respiratory Illness Caused by Zoonotic H1N1 and H5N1 Influenza Viruses
Table 2
Genetic polymorphisms of interest in H5N1 susceptibility and severity.
| Gene | Polymorphism | Functional significance | References |
| MBL2 | 230G/A | Low serum MBL levels; increased susceptibility to SARS | [36, 37] | MxA | −88G/T (rs2071430) −123C/A (rs17000900) | Increased basal (−123 A) and IFN-stimulated (−88 T) MxA expression and activity in vitro; altered susceptibility to SARS | [38, 39] | OAS1 | rs2660 (3′ UTR A/G) rs3741981 (Exon 3 A/G) rs1077467 (Intron 5) | Altered susceptibility to SARS (3′ UTR, Exon 3); West Nile susceptibility and reduced activity due to splicing (Intron 5) | [38, 40, 41] | CCR5 | CCR5∆32 | Increased mortality among CCR5 knockout mice, increased allele frequency among severe H1N1 infections | [25, 42] | CCR2 | 190G/A (V64I) | Altered HIV progression; stabilization of CCR2a splice variant and binding to CCR5 | [43, 44] | TLR3 | 908T/C | Missense mutation identified in a patient with influenza-associated encephalopathy | [45] |
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