CD4⁺T Cells: Differentiation and Functions

Table 1

Cytokines and transcription factors (the master regulators are underlined).

CD4^+ Subset	Cytokines	Transcription factors	Inhibitory transcription factors
Th1	IL12, IFNγ	T bet, STAT1, STAT4, Runx 3, Eomes, Hlx	GATA3
Th2	IL4, IL2	GATA3, STAT6, STAT5, STAT3, Gfi-1, c-Maf, IRF4	T-bet, Runx3
Th17	IL6, IL 21, IL 23, TGF-β	RORγt, STAT3, RORα, Runx1, Batf, IRF4, AHR	T-bet^+ Runx1, Smad3; Runx1^+FOXP3
Tfh	IL6, IL21	Bcl6, STAT3
iTreg	TGF-β, IL2	FOXP3, Smad2, Smad3, STAT5, NFAT
Th9	TGF-β, IL4	IRF4
Tr1	IL27, IL10	c-Maf, AhR