Insight into Gene Polymorphisms Involved in Toll-Like Receptor/Interferon Signalling Pathways for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in South East Asia

Table 4

Frequencies of alleles and genotypes for STAT4  rs7574865 and rs10168266, and TNFAIP3  rs2230926 in SLE patients and healthy control subjects of each ethnicity.

Ethnicity	Locus	Frequency		P value	P value; (Bonferroni adjusted)	OR (95% CI)
		SLE patients	Healthy controls
	STAT4 rs7574865
Malay		𝑛=93	𝑛=110
	Allele
	G^†	104 (55.9%)	148 (67.3%)	—	—	1.00
	T	82 (44.1%)	72 (32.7%)	0.019*	0.133	1.62 (1.08–2.43)
	Genotype
	GG^†	29 (31.2%)	51 (46.4%)	—	—	1.00
	GT	46 (49.5%)	46 (41.8%)	0.276	NA	1.76 (0.95–3.24)
	TT	18 (19.3%)	13 (11.8%)	0.137	0.959	2.44 (1.04–5.68)
Chinese		𝑛=245	𝑛=294
	Allele
	G^†	263 (53.7%)	366 (62.2%)	—	—	1.00
	T	227 (46.3%)	222 (37.8%)	0.004*	0.028*	1.42 (1.12–1.82)
	Genotype
	GG^†	69 (28.2%)	114 (38.8%)	—	—	1.00
	GT	125 (51.0%)	138 (46.9%)	0.345	NA	1.50 (1.02–2.20)
	TT	51 (20.8%)	42 (14.3%)	0.046*	0.322	2.01 (1.21–3.33)
Indian		𝑛=22	𝑛=26
	Allele
	G^†	30 (68.2%)	30 (57.7%)	—	—	1.00
	T	14 (31.8%)	22 (42.3%)	0.290	NA	0.64 (0.27–1.47)
	Genotype
	GG^†	9 (40.9%)	7 (26.9%)	—	—	1.00
	GT	12 (54.5%)	16 (61.5%)	0.624	NA	0.58 (0.17–2.01)
	TT	1 (4.6%)	3 (11.6%)	0.382	NA	0.26 (0.02–3.06)
	STAT4 rs10168266
Malay		𝑛=93	𝑛=110
	Allele
	C^†	104 (55.9%)	153 (69.5%)	—	—	1.00
	T	82 (44.1%)	67 (30.5%)	0.005*	0.035*	1.80 (1.20–2.71)
	Genotype
	CC^†	26 (28.0%)	53 (48.2%)	—	—	1.00
	CT	52 (55.9%)	47 (42.7%)	0.061	0.427	2.26 (1.22–4.16)
	TT	15 (16.1%)	10 (9.1%)	0.128	0.896	3.06 (1.21–7.73)
Chinese		𝑛=245	𝑛=294
	Allele
	C^†	266 (54.3%)	363 (61.7%)	—	—	1.00
	T	224 (45.7%)	225 (38.3%)	0.014*	0.098	1.36 (1.07–1.73)
	Genotype
	CC^†	69 (28.2%)	108 (36.7%)	—	—	1.00
	CT	128 (52.2%)	147 (50.0%)	0.604	NA	1.36 (0.93–2.00)
	TT	48 (19.6%)	39 (13.3%)	0.047*	0.329	1.93 (1.15–3.24)
Indian		𝑛=22	𝑛=26
	Allele
	C^†	30 (68.2%)	35 (67.3%)	—	—	1.00
	T	14 (31.8%)	17 (32.7%)	0.929	NA	0.96 (0.41–2.27)
	Genotype
	CC^†	9 (40.9%)	11 (42.3%)	—	—	1.00
	CT	12 (54.5%)	13 (50.0%)	0.753	NA	1.13 (0.35–3.67)
	TT	1 (4.6%)	2 (7.7%)	0.654	NA	0.61 (0.05–7.88)
	TNFAIP3 rs2230926
Malay		𝑛=93	𝑛=110
	Allele
	T^†	181 (97.3%)	203 (92.3%)	—	—	1.00
	G	5 (2.7%)	17 (7.7%)	0.025*	0.175	0.33 (0.12–0.91)
	Genotype
	TT^†	88 (94.6%)	93 (84.5%)	—	—	1.00
	TG	5 (5.4%)	17 (15.5%)	0.021*	0.147	0.31 (0.11–0.88)
	GG	0 (0%)	0 (0%)	NA	NA	NA
Chinese		𝑛=245	𝑛=294
	Allele
	T^†	476 (97.1%)	563 (95.7%)	—	—	1.00
	G	14 (2.9%)	25 (4.3%)	0.222	NA	0.66 (0.34–1.29)
	Genotype
	TT^†	231 (94.3%)	270 (91.8%)	—	—	1.00
	TG	14 (5.7%)	23 (7.8%)	0.335	NA	0.71 (0.36–1.42)
	GG	0 (0%)	1 (0.4%)	0.361	NA	NA
Indian		𝑛=22	𝑛=26
	Allele
	T^†	44 (100%)	52 (100%)	—	—	1.00
	G	0 (0%)	0 (0%)	0	NA	NA
	Genotype
	TT^†	22 (100%)	26 (100%)	—	—	1.00
	TG	0 (0%)	0 (0%)	NA	NA	NA
	GG	0 (0%)	0 (0%)	NA	NA	NA

†Reference category; *𝑃<0.05.