Clinical Biomarkers and Pathogenic-Related Cytokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Figure 1

Network of investigational and prospective biomarkers in RA. A variety of different cell populations, including adaptive immune cells, innate immune cells, fibroblast-like synoviocytes, and endothelial cells, secrete cytokines as biomarkers not only in serum but also in synovial fluid and orchestrate inflammation and bone destruction in RA patients.