Photobacteriosis: Prevention and Diagnosis

Table 1

Overview of vaccines against Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida.

	Type of vaccine	Type of product	Vaccination procedure	Species	References
Lipoprotein	Recombinant subunit vaccine	Experimental	Injection	Sea bass	Andreoni et al. [40]
rHSP60, rENOLASE, and rGAPDH antigens, singles or in combination	Recombinant subunit vaccine	Experimental	Injection	Cobia	Ho et al. [4] and Ho et al. [41]
Formalin-killed bacterin overexpressing a 97 kDa OMP and 52 kDa ECP	Inactivated	Licensed	Immersion	Sea bass and yellowtail	Barnes et al. [2]
Formalin-killed bacterin with Escherichia coli LPS	Inactivated	Experimental	Immersion	Sea bream	Hanif et al. [38]
Live attenuated aroA mutant	Live attenuated	Experimental	Injection or immersion	Hybrid striped bass	Thune et al. [37]
Formalin-killed bacterin, ECP, and crude capsular polysaccharide (cCPS)	Inactivated	Experimental	Injection, immersion, and oral	Sea bass	Bakopoulos et al. [36]
LPS mixed with chloroform-killed bacterin	Inactivated	Experimental	Injection	Yellowtail	Kawakami et al. [35]
ECP-enriched formalin-inactivated bacterin	Inactivated	Commercialized	Immersion	Sea bass, sea bream, and sole	Magariños et al. [39]
Live attenuated bacteria	Live attenuated	Experimental	Immersion	Yellowtail	Kusuda and Hamaguchi [34]
Ribosomal antigens	Subunit vaccine	Experimental	Injection	Yellowtail	Kusuda et al. [33]
LPS formulation	Subunit vaccine	Experimental	Immersion and spray methods	Yellowtail	Fukuda and Kusuda [32]
Heat- and formalin-killed bacterin	Inactivated	Experimental	Immersion and oral	Yellowtail	Fukuda and Kusuda [29], Hamaguchi and Kusuda [30], and Kusuda and Salati [31]