Current Vaccine Trials in Glioblastoma: A Review

Table 3

GBM vaccine trials.

Vaccine type	Phase	𝑁	Experimental design	PFS (mo)	OS (mo)	References
Tumor lysate vaccine	I	12	Autologous DC loaded with tumor lysate	15.5	23.4	NCT00068510, [27]
Tumor lysate vaccine	II		Resiquimod, poly-ICLC	Ongoing	Ongoing	NCT01204684
DCVax-Brain	III		2/3 vaccine, 1/3 placebo with option of crossover at disease progression	Ongoing	Ongoing	NCT00045968
Tumor lysate vaccine	II		Vaccine + standard therapy versus standard therapy alone	Ongoing	Ongoing	NCT01213407
Tumor lysate vaccine	II	10	DCs treated with PGE2 and TNF-𝛼, cervical lymph node injection	9.5	28	NCT00323115, [35]
IMA950 multipeptide vaccine	I		11 tumor associated peptides (TUMAPs) + GM-CSF, cyclophosphamide, imiquimod	Ongoing	Ongoing	NCT01403285
Cancer stem cell vaccine, ICT-107	I	21	Six synthetic peptides associated with CSCs loaded onto autologous DCs	16.9	38.4	[50]
Cancer stem cell vaccine, ICT-107	II		Autologous DCs pulsed with immunogenic peptides from tumor antigens versus placebo	Ongoing	Ongoing	NCT01280552
Cancer stem cell vaccine	II		Autologous DCs loaded with stem cell-like antigens from irradiated GBM versus placebo	Ongoing	Ongoing	NCT01567202
CMV vaccine (Pep-CMV)	I		Intradermal Pep-CMV following chemoradiation	Ongoing	Ongoing	NCT01854099
Alpha type I DC peptide vaccine	I/II	22	Four peptides loaded onto alpha type I DCs + poly-ICLC, included GBM and anaplastic glioma	4 in GBM 13 in anaplastic glioma		NCT00766753, [61, 62]
HSPPC-96	I	12	Autologous tumor derived HSPPC-96 administered intradermally		47 weeks in immune responders 16 weeks in nonresponder	[67]
HSPPC-96	II		Autologous tumor derived HSPPC-96 administered intradermally	Ongoing	Ongoing	NCT00905060, NCT00293423
HSPPC-96	II		Vaccine + bevacizumab versus bevacizumab alone	Ongoing	Ongoing	NCT01814813
Irradiated glioma cells with GM-K562	I		Admixture of lethally irradiate glioma cells with GM-CSF producing K562 injected intradermally	Ongoing	Ongoing	NCT00694330