In Vitro Selection of Cancer Cell-Specific Molecular Recognition Elements from Amino Acid Libraries

Table 2

The most common types of library display hosts.

Library host	Advantages	Examples of library construction
Phage	(i) Well-described; (ii) Peptide libraries widely available	(i) Peptide libraries on M13 and T7 phage [23, 31]; (ii) scFv library on M13 [33]; (iii) Fab library on phage lambda [34, 35]; (iv) Yeast vaccinia virus antibody fragment library [36]
Bacteria	(i) Rapid screening; (ii) Use of cell sorting	(i) Peptide library on E. coli [38, 39]; (ii) Antibody fragment on E. coli [40]; (iii) Antibody fragment on Staphylococcus carnosus [41]
Yeast	(i) Posttranslational modification; (ii) Use of cell sorting; (iii) Fragment libraries widely available	(i) Peptide library on Saccharomyces cerevisiae [46]; (ii) scFv library on S. cerevisiae [26]; (iii) Fab library on Pichia pastoris [48]
Mammalian cells	(i) Wider array of posttranslational modifications; (ii) Use of cell sorting	(i) Peptide library on T cells [56]; (ii) scFv libraries on HEK-293T, T and B cells [57–59]
Ribosome/mRNA	(i) No cell transformation, thus greater library diversity; (ii) Easily integrates PCR mutagenesis	Peptide and antibody fragment displayed on both ribosomes and mRNA [63, 64]