Administration of Bifidobacterium breve PS12929 and Lactobacillus salivarius PS12934, Two Strains Isolated from Human Milk, to Very Low and Extremely Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants: A Pilot Study
Table 3
Frequency and concentration of immune compounds in plasma samples ( = 8) along time.
Day 7 ()
Day 14 ()
value*
(%)
Median (IQR)
(%)
Median (IQR)
(mg/L)
(mg/L)
Immunoglobulins
IgG1
3 (100)
2159.80 (2075.95–2174.30)
5 (100)
1727.30 (1205.50–2029.60)
0.297
IgG2
3 (100)
1135.20 (796.03–1147.50)
5 (100)
741.24 (683.84–930.95)
0.456
IgG3
3 (100)
52.54 (46.75–64.53)
5 (100)
43.91 (41.35–48.14)
0.297
IgG4
3 (100)
23.25 (22.02–67.30)
5 (100)
44.66 (10.59–49.08)
0.655
IgM
3 (100)
263.75 (176.71–934.18)
5 (100)
335.18 (261.41–366.78)
0.882
IgA
3 (100)
27.03 (18.20–40.41)
5 (100)
4.44 (4.00–14.31)
0.101
(ng/L)
(ng/L)
Proinflammatory
Calprotectin
3 (100)
0.86 (0.47–1.11)
5 (100)
0.37 (0.37–0.63)
0.456
1 (33)
15.81
0 (0)
—
—
IL-2
2 (67)
35.41 (19.34–51.48)
3 (60)
9.70 (6.54–11.23)
1.000
IL-6
3 (100)
24.14 (15.99–65.65)
5 (100)
17.06 (10.10–19.24)
0.297
IL-12 (p70)
3 (100)
27.55 (19.89–91.22)
5 (100)
28.35 (22.71–29.16)
0.882
IL-17
1 (33)
167.20
2 (40)
35.66 (34.65–36.67)
0.221
IFN-γ
2 (67)
670.07 (371.30–968.83)
4 (80)
150.06 (67.73–225.91)
0.643
TNF-α
3 (100)
15.06 (11.35–66.01)
5 (100)
13.14 (11.83–20.40)
0.764
(ng/L)
(ng/L)
Anti-inflammatory
IL-4
3 (100)
1.95 (1.57–7.96)
5 (100)
1.99 (1.69–2.90)
0.882
IL-5
1 (33)
39.43
1 (20)
9.65
0.317
IL-10
3 (100)
11.80 (11.10–69.56)
3 (60)
20.11 (16.02–22.68)
0.513
IL-13
1 (33)
11.27
1 (20)
5.06
0.317
(ng/L)
(ng/L)
Chemokines
IL-8
3 (100)
31.69 (24.45–85.28)
5 (100)
29.76 (22.37–30.79)
0.655
GRO-α
2 (67)
204.44 (−1859.94–2268.82)
3 (60)
55.42 (45.11–65.73)
0.306
MCP-1
3 (100)
193.91 (123.14–204.59)
5 (100)
88.62 (60.77–192.54)
0.456
MIP-1β
3 (100)
234.90 (210.30–292.20)
5 (100)
174.60 (150.00–250.80)
0.297
(ng/L)
(ng/L)
Haematopoietic stimuli
IL-7
2 (67)
28.14 (17.72–38.57)
3 (60)
10.48 (8.84–12.50)
0.564
G-CSF
3 (100)
30.89 (23.21–96.81)
5 (100)
47.27 (41.84–51.46)
0.655
GM-CSF
3 (100)
248.80 (191.00–299.30)
4 (80)
132.35 (114.97–151.83)
0.157
Levels of immune compounds were expressed as median and interquartile range (IQR) when data were not normally distributed and as mean and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) when they were. *Kruskal-Wallis test was used to determine the differences between blood samples along time when data were not normally distributed and one-way ANOVA test when they were. †Concentration was expressed as ng/L of plasma for all the proinflammatory parameters with the exception of calprotectin whose units were mg/L. Normally distributed.
