The Effects of Combined Exercise on Health-Related Fitness, Endotoxin, and Immune Function of Postmenopausal Women with Abdominal Obesity

Table 4

The changes of health-related fitness between the groups at baseline and after 12 weeks of training.

Variables	Group	Baseline	12 weeks	-value
Body weight (kg)	Exercise	64.9 ± 3.83	62.5 ± 2.94	G × P: 2.112
	Control	64.7 ± 3.26	65.3 ± 3.36
% Body fat (%)	Exercise	34.3 ± 2.78	31.4 ± 2.57	G × P: 4.844^#
	Control	34.6 ± 1.59	34.8 ± 1.69
Lean body; mass (kg)	Exercise	41.0 ± 2.83	42.9 ± 2.47	G × P: 1.502
	Control	41.2 ± 3.53	40.7 ± 3.42
Grip strength (kg)	Exercise	23.88 ± 2.97	27.40 ± 2.791	G × P: 4.583^#
	Control	23.81 ± 3.21	23.35 ± 2.75
Back strength (kg)	Exercise	49.38 ± 3.50	55.64 ± 10.96	G × P: 1.000
	Control	47.16 ± 11.61	45.85 ± 11.16
Sit-up (frequency/30 sec)	Exercise	10.30 ± 5.51	13.60 ± 3.97	G × P: 1.740
	Control	9.00 ± 3.94	8.50 ± 4.60
Push-up (frequency/30 sec)	Exercise	7.50 ± 2.75	11.90 ± 3.66	G × P: 5.562^#
	Control	7.50 ± 3.37	7.10 ± 2.99
Sit-and-reach (cm)	Exercise	12.21 ± 5.26	13.27 ± 5.33	G × P: 0.198
	Control	11.13 ± 4.17	10.86 ± 3.98
Closed-eyes one-legged standing time (sec)	Exercise	9.22 ± 5.82	9.58 ± 3.75	G × P: 0.908
	Control	8.47 ± 5.95	8.37 ± 10.82
VO2max (mL/kg/min)	Exercise	27.16 ± 3.40	31.75 ± 3.87	G × P: 7.555^##
	Control	27.67 ± 3.68	26.89 ± 3.37

G × P: group × period.
Significantly different from baseline: , .
Significant interaction among groups and period: , .