Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells on Transplantation: Immunotherapy Based on Second Signal Blockage
Table 1
Immunotherapy based on the second signal blockage.
Molecule
Commercial name/clone
Target molecule
Mechanism of action
References
CTLA4-Ig
Abatacept/Belatacept
CD80/CD86
Competition for binding to B7 molecules on DC Upregulation of IDO enzyme expression High plasma levels of sHLA-G High secretion of immunomodulatory cytokines Inhibition of CD8+ T cells and NK cells Generation of Treg cells Inhibition of proliferation related to p27kip1 expression
Inhibition of antibody secretion Downregulation of T cell proliferation Inhibition of cytokine secretion and costimulatory molecule synthesis Upregulation of spleen IL-10+CD4+; T cells and downregulation of IFN-γ+CD4+ T cells