Gut microbiota microorganism Model system studied Associated physiopathological condition References Bifidobacterium lactis (LAFTI B94)Rat Decrease in the levels of TNF and iNoS in rats with colitis induced by TNBS [20 ] Bifidobacterium infantis (35624)Mouse Induction of Treg and inhibition of NF- B in mice with enteric Salmonella- induced enteritis [20 ] Escherichia coli (Nissle 1917)Human and mouse Diminishing of TLR2- and TLR4-induced inflammation of the colon in humans and mice with ulcerative colitis and colitis induced by DSS [20 ] Lactobacillus rhamnosus (Lr32 and GG)Mouse and rat Induction of Treg in mice and rats with colitis induced by TNBS associated with hLA-B27 [20 ] Lactobacillus salivarius (Ls33)Mouse Decrease of colonic inflammation of mice with colitis induced by TNBS [20 ] Lactobacillus reuteri (strain not specified)Mouse Upregulation of NGF and decrease of IL-8 and TNF levels in IL-10 deficient mice [20 ] Lactobacillus plantarum (299V)Mouse Decreased levels of IFN-γ and IL-12p40 in IL-10 deficient mice [20 ] Lactobacillus fermentum (CECT5716)Rat Lower levels of TNF and iNoS in the colon of rats with colitis induced by TNBS [20 ] Lactobacillus casei (LAFTI L26)Rat Decreased levels of cyclooxygenase 2 in the colon of rats with TNBS-induced colitis [20 ] Lactobacillus acidophilus (NCFM)Human Prevention of the loss of insulin sensibility in individuals with glucose intolerance and/or diabetes mellitus [21 ] Lactobacillus gasseri (SBT2055)Human Weigh, BMI, circumference of waist and hip, and visceral and subcutaneous fat reduction in individuals with BMI from 24,2 to 37 km/m2 and visceral fat accumulation [21 ] Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (strain not specified)Rat Decrease in the levels of IL-8 and TNF in rats with enteritis induced by enteric Salmonella [20 ] Bacteroides fragilis (wild type)Mouse Production of IL-10 derived of T CD4+ in mice with colitis induced by TNBS [20 ] Fusobacterium nucleatum (ATCC 25586)Human Occurrence of colon-rectal carcinoma [22 ] Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (DSM 17677 in mouse and wild type in humans)Human and mouse Decrease in the levels of NF- B, IL-8, and TNF and increase in the production of IL-10 in mice with TNBS-induced colitis; protection against development of IBD in humans [20 ] Helicobacter pylori (absent or present in low levels—wild type)Human Paediatric asthma and reflux esophagitis occurrence [22 , 23 ] Akkermansia muciniphila (ATCC BAA-835)Mouse Improved metabolic disorders in diet-induced obese mice and counteracted diet-induced colon mucosal barrier dysfunction [24 , 25 ]