CD1-Restricted T Cells at the Crossroad of Innate and Adaptive Immunity

Table 1

Naturally occurring antigens for CD1-restricted T cells.

Class	Lipid	Origin	CD1	References
Phospholipids	PE	Cypress; self	CD1a; mCD1d	[41, 42]
	PC	Cypress; self	CD1a; hCD1d; CD1c	[41, 43]
	PG	M. tuberculosis; L. monocytogenes; E. coli; C. glutamicum Self	CD1b; mCD1d	[42, 44–46]
	PI	M. tuberculosis; self	mCD1d	[42, 46]
	Cardiolipin	Self	mCD1d	[18]
	DPG	M. tuberculosis; L. monocytogenes	mCD1d	[45, 46]
	Lyso-PE	Self	m/hCD1d	[47]
	Lyso-PC	Self	m/hCD1d; CD1a	[47–49]
Sphingolipids	Lyso-Sph	Self	hCD1d	[49]
Glycosphingolipids	Sulfatide	Self	CD1a; CD1b; CD1c; m/hCD1d	[14, 50]
	Lysosulfatide	Self	mCD1d	[50]
	GM1	Self	CD1b	[51]
	GD3	Self	mCD1d	[52]
	α-GalCer	Self	m/hCD1d	[53]
	β-GlcCer	Self	mCD1d	[54]
	Lyso-GalCer	Self	mCD1d	[54]
	β-GlcSph	Self	m/hCD1d	[54, 55]
	β-GalCer	Self	mCD1d	[54]
	iGb3	Self	mCD1d	[56]
	GSL-1	Sphingomonas spp.	m/hCD1d	[57]
Plasmalogens	pLPE	Self	m/hCD1d	[58]
	mLPA	Self	CD1c	[59]
	eLPA	Self	mCD1d	[58]
Oils	Triacylglyceride	Self	CD1a	[60]
Terpenes	Squalene	Self	CD1a	[60]
Diacylglycerolipids	GalDAG	B. burgdorferi	m/hCD1d	[61]
Mycolates	GMM	M. tuberculosis	CD1b	[62]
	Mycolic acid	M. tuberculosis	CD1b	[2]
Lipoglycans	PIM	M. tuberculosis	CD1b	[63]
	LAM	M. tuberculosis	CD1b	[63]
	LPG	L. donovani	mCD1d	[64]
Lipopeptides	Dideoximycobactin	M. tuberculosis	CD1a	[65]
Mycoketides	MPM	M. tuberculosis	CD1c	[66, 67]
	PM	M. tuberculosis	CD1c	[66]

PE: phosphoethanolamine; PC: phosphatidylcholine; PG: phosphatidylglycerol; PI: phosphatidylinositol; DPG: diphosphatidylglycerol; Sph: sphingomyelin; GalCer: galactosylceramide; GlcCer: glucosylceramide; GlcSph: glucosylsphingosine; iGb3: isoglobotriaosylceramide; GSL-1: glycosphingolipid 1; pLPE: lysophosphatidylethanolamine; mLPA: methyl-lysophosphatidic acid; eLPA: lysophosphatidic acid; GalDag: galactosyldiacylglycerol; GMM: glucose monomycolate; PIM: phosphatidylinositol mannose; LAM: lipoarabinomannan; LPG: lipophosphoglycan; MPM: mannosyl phosphomycoketide; PM: phosphomycoketide.