Crucial Contributions by T Lymphocytes (Effector, Regulatory, and Checkpoint Inhibitor) and Cytokines (TH1, TH2, and TH17) to a Pathological Complete Response Induced by Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Women with Breast Cancer
Table 8
Expression of cytokines and PD-L1(1) in LLABCs(2) (pre-NAC and post-NAC(3)) and pathological complete response elicited in tumours following NAC.
Cytokines and PD-L1 ()
Pre-NAC
Post-NAC
Low/negative expression ()
High expression ()
Pearson chi-square value (PCR(4) versus non-PCR)
value
Low/negative expression ()
High expression ()
Pearson chi-square value (PCR versus non-PCR)
value
IL-1
PCR ()
1
5
0.950
0.330
3
3
0.640
0.424
Non PCR ()
4
6
3
7
IL-2
PCR ()
2
4
0.019
0.889
3
3
1.571
0.210
Non PCR ()
3
7
8
2
IFN-γ
PCR ()
0
6
1.371
0.242
2
4
0.71
0.790
Non PCR ()
2
8
4
6
IL-4
PCR ()
1
5
0.152
0.696
4
2
0.423
0.515
Non PCR ()
1
9
5
5
IL-10
PCR ()
2
4
0.071
0.790
5
1
4.267
0.039
Non PCR ()
4
6
3
7
IL-17
PCR ()
2
4
0.019
0.889
5
1
6.112
0.013
Non PCR ()
3
7
2
8
TGF-β(5)
PCR ()
4
2
0.423
0.515
4
2
3.484
0.062
Non PCR ()
5
5
2
8
PD-L1
PCR ()
3
3
0.640
0.424
4
2
0.019
0.889
Non PCR ()
3
7
7
3
PD-L1: programmed death ligand 1; (2)LLABCs: large and locally advanced breast cancers; (3)NAC: neoadjuvant chemotherapy; (4)PCR (pathological complete response, grade 5: no residual invasive disease); (5)TGF-β: scored as negative or positive; statistically significant.
