Impact of Ivabradine on Inflammatory Markers in Chronic Heart Failure

Figure 3

Effect of ivabradine treatment on chronic heart failure (CHF) according to its etiology after 3 months (10 mg/d ivabradine) and 6 months (10–15 mg/d ivabradine). (a) Vital parameters and symptoms for CHF, (b) serological and echocardiographic parameters, (c) circulating myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells, and (d) inflammatory serological parameters in patients with CHF according to their ejection fraction. DCM = dilated cardiomyopathy, DCs = dendritic cells, HCM = hypertensive cardiomyopathy, hsCRP = high sensitive C-reactive protein, ICM = ischemic cardiomyopathy, IL = interleukin, LVEDd = left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, NYHA = New York Heart Association functional class, RR sys/dia = systolic/diastolic blood pressure, and TNF-alpha = tumor necrosis factor alpha. NS = not significant.

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