Immunomodulatory Effects of Taiwanese Neolitsea Species on Th1 and Th2 Functionality

Table 3

The effects of N. species root extracts on Th1/Th2 cytokine production by ConA-stimulated splenocytes.

Plants	Concentration (μg/mL)	Cell viability	Th1 cytokines		Th2 cytokines
		MTT (O.D.)	IL-2 (ng/mL)	IFN-γ (ng/mL)	IL-4 (pg/mL)
	Control	0.06 ± 0.00	0.14 ± 0.12	Not detectable	Not detectable
N. aciculata var. variabillima	VH	0.40 ± 0.01	10.15 ± 0.71	66.21 ± 6.82	166.50 ± 5.30
	5	0.43 ± 0.02	9.31 ± 0.31	50.21 ± 7.96	171.00 ± 18.73
	10	0.41 ± 0.02	10.32 ± 0.22	40.42 ± 3.31	210.20 ± 18.04
	25	0.37 ± 0.03	8.02 ± 0.11	21.15 ± 2.55	141.20 ± 7.61
	50	0.29 ± 0.02	5.90 ± 0.31	8.379 ± 2.25	86.02 ± 6.78
N. konishii	VH	0.68 ± 0.00	12.91 ± 0.09	99.63 ± 8.09	102.40 ± 1.41
	5	0.69 ± 0.01	13.01 ± 0.13	64.55 ± 4.33	106.70 ± 4.83
	10	0.72 ± 0.01	13.21 ± 0.14	48.06 ± 6.32	107.60 ± 4.82
	25	0.71 ± 0.03	13.05 ± 0.10	25.46 ± 2.70	106.20 ± 7.55
	50	0.64 ± 0.01	12.45 ± 0.21	7.93 ± 1.34	102.00 ± 8.80

Data were expressed as the mean ± SE of quadruplicate cultures. Results were representative of four independent experiments. was significant compared to the VH group.