Dendritic Cells in Sepsis: Pathological Alterations and Therapeutic Implications

Figure 1

A schematic illustration of the alterations of dendritic cells (DCs) in sepsis. Induction of apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, activation of Wnt signaling pathway, epigenetic regulation, and variation in toll-like receptor- (TLR-) dependent signaling are involved in the alterations of DCs in sepsis. NFAT: nuclear factor of activated T cells; IRF1: interferon regulatory factor 1; A-SMase: acid sphingomyelinase; DNA: deoxyribose nucleic acid; IL: interleukin.