Review Article
Natural Modulators of Endosomal Toll-Like Receptor-Mediated Psoriatic Skin Inflammation
Table 1
Inhibitors for endosomal TLR-mediated inflammation.
| Inhibitor | Natural/synthetic | Target and mechanism of action |
| IMO-3100 | Synthetic | Antagonist of TLRs | IMO-8400 | Synthetic | Antagonist of TLRs | IRS-954 | Synthetic | Antagonist of TLRs | DV117 | Synthetic | Antagonist of TLRs | INH-ODN-24888 | Synthetic | Antagonist of TLRs | CPG-52364 | Synthetic | Antagonist of TLRs | Chloroquine | Synthetic (quinine derivative) | Inhibits endosomal acidification or sequester TLR ligands | Hydrochloroquin | Synthetic (quinine derivative) | Inhibits endosomal acidification or sequester TLR ligands | Quinacrine | Synthetic (quinine derivative) | Inhibits endosomal acidification or sequester TLR ligands | Bortezomib | Synthetic | Inhibits TLR trafficking | SM934 | Synthetic | Promotes downregulation of TLRs | ST-2825 | Synthetic | MyD88 inhibitor | AS-2444697 | Synthetic | IRAK4 inhibitor | PF-05387252 | Synthetic | IRAK4 inhibitor | PF-05388169 | Synthetic | IRAK4 inhibitor | PF-06650833 | Synthetic | IRAK4 inhibitor | ML120B | Synthetic | IKK2 inhibitor | PHA-408 | Synthetic | IKK2 inhibitor | Mustard seed | Natural (mustard plant product) | Inhibit NF-κB activation and cytokine expression | Antrodia cinnamomea extract | Natural (A. cinnamomea product) | Inhibit cytokine expression | Curcumin | Natural (grapes product) | Inhibit NF-κB activation and cytokine expression | Resveratrol | Natural (grapes product) | Inhibit NF-κB activation and cytokine expression | Thiostrepton | Natural (Streptomyces product) | Inhibits endosomal acidification and proteasomal activity | Azithromycin | Natural (Streptomyces product) | Inhibits endosomal acidification and proteasomal activity | Andrographolide | Natural (A. paniculata product) | Promotes downregulation of myD88 |
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