Parenterally Administered Norovirus GII.4 Virus-Like Particle Vaccine Formulated with Aluminum Hydroxide or Monophosphoryl Lipid A Adjuvants Induces Systemic but Not Mucosal Immune Responses in Mice

<div>NoV GII.4-specific systemic IgG (a, b) and IgA (c, d) antibody responses after IM immunization with 0.3 or 10 μg of NoV GII.4 VLPs alone or 0.3 μg of VLPs combined with Al(OH)3 or MPLA, or IN immunization with 10 μg of VLPs alone. Group mean OD490 values with standard error of the means of IgG (a) and IgA (c) antibodies in 1 : 200 (a) and 1 : 20 (c) diluted sera of experimental mice. Control mice received PBS only. End-point titers of IgG (b) and IgA (d) antibodies in sera of the experimental groups. Bars represent reciprocal of log10 geometric mean titers with 95% confidence intervals. The number of positive/tested mice is denoted on each figure in parenthesis.</div>

Journal of Immunology Research

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Figure 1

Figure 1: Parenterally Administered Norovirus GII.4 Virus-Like Particle Vaccine Formulated with Aluminum Hydroxide or Monophosphoryl Lipid A Adjuvants Induces Systemic but Not Mucosal Immune Responses in Mice 

Figure 1 | Parenterally Administered Norovirus GII.4 Virus-Like Particle Vaccine Formulated with Aluminum Hydroxide or Monophosphoryl Lipid A Adjuvants Induces Systemic but Not Mucosal Immune Responses in Mice 