Parenterally Administered Norovirus GII.4 Virus-Like Particle Vaccine Formulated with Aluminum Hydroxide or Monophosphoryl Lipid A Adjuvants Induces Systemic but Not Mucosal Immune Responses in Mice

<div>Development of IgG (a) and IgG subtype antibodies (b, c) in mice immunized IM with 0.3 <i>μ</i>g of GII.4 VLPs formulated with Al(OH)<sub>3</sub> or MPLA or 10 <i>μ</i>g of GII.4 VLPs alone. (a) Kinetics of NoV GII.4-specific total IgG antibodies in sera of mice immunized with the antigenic formulations at study weeks 0 and 3. Control mice received PBS only. Group mean OD<sub>490</sub> values with standard error of the means of individual tail blood samples collected at indicated study weeks and termination sera at week 5 are shown. End-point titrations of anti-GII.4 IgG1 (b) and IgG2a (c) antibodies in termination sera at week 5. Mean titration curves with standard errors of the mean of the experimental groups are shown.</div>

Journal of Immunology Research

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Figure 2: Parenterally Administered Norovirus GII.4 Virus-Like Particle Vaccine Formulated with Aluminum Hydroxide or Monophosphoryl Lipid A Adjuvants Induces Systemic but Not Mucosal Immune Responses in Mice 

Figure 2 | Parenterally Administered Norovirus GII.4 Virus-Like Particle Vaccine Formulated with Aluminum Hydroxide or Monophosphoryl Lipid A Adjuvants Induces Systemic but Not Mucosal Immune Responses in Mice 