The Involvement of MicroRNAs in Modulation of Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Lupus Nephritis

Table 1

MicroRNAs involved in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Cells	miR(s)	Target(s)	Function(s)	Ref
DCs	miR-126	Tsc-1	Negative regulation of mTOR-miR-126-VEGFR2-axis	[178]
	miR-155	Ship1, KPC1	Intervenes in CD40 expression	[179]
	miR-146a	STAT1, IRF5, IRAK1, TRAF6	Negative regulator of type I IFN pathway	[123]
	Let-7c	Blimp1	Regulates SOCS1 and IL-6	[139]
B cells	miR-30a	Lyn	Contributes to B cell proliferation and the production of IgG antibodies	[167]
	miR-155	Pu.1	Decreases the level of TNF alpha production	[110]
	miR-181b	AID	Less CSR in activated B cells	[173]
	miR-150	c-Myb	Involved in lymphocyte development and response	[180]
	miR-34a	Foxp1	Involved in the regulation of B cell development	[181]
	miR-125b	Blimp-1, Irf4	Contributes to B lymphocyte diversification in GC	[182]
	miR-93	AID	Less class switch recombination in activated B cells	[173]
	miR-21	PDCD4	Decreased the Fas receptor-expressing B cells	[166]
	miR-1246	EBF1	Increase of miR-1246 expression results in less responsiveness of B cells	[170]
T Cell	miR-126	DNMT1	T and B cell hyperactivity, regulates DNA methylation in CD4+ T cells	[140]
	miR-29b	DNMT1, Sp1	More CD11a and CD70, unusually high global DNA hypomethylation in T cells	[143]
	miR-148a	DNMT1	More LFA1 and CD70, increase DNA hypomethylation in T cells	[141]
	miR-21	RASGRP1	Activated T cell and enhanced proliferation	[141]
	miR-142-3p	CD84, IL-10	Increased T cell activity and higher IgG production	[145]
	miR-142-5p	SAP	Increased T cell activity and higher IgG production	[145]
	miR-31	RhoA	More production of IL-12 by changing NF-AT expression	[148]
	miR-125a	KLF13 (RFLAT-1)	Negative regulator of the feedback loop of KLF13 and RANTES production in the activated T cell pathway	[149]
	miR-224	AIP5	Speeds activation-induced cell death in T cells	[93]
	miR-155	CD62L	Important for Treg cell development and function	[100]
	miR-873	Foxo1	Eases differentiation of CD4+ T cells into Th17 lineage	[152]
	miR-410	IL-6	Lower IL-6 expression, less fibrosis	[157]
	miR-125a	STAT3, IL-13, IFNg	Steadies the commitment and immunoregulatory capacity of Treg cells	[160]
	miR-181a	SHP-2, PTPN22, DUSP5, DUSP6	Functions as an intrinsic antigen sensitivity “rheostat” throughout T cell development	[183]