Activation of PAR4 Upregulates p16 through Inhibition of DNMT1 and HDAC2 Expression via MAPK Signals in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells

Figure 5

Effects of PAR4-AP on cell proliferation and apoptosis in ESCC cells. (a) RTCA was performed to evaluate the proliferation and viability of ESCC cells following continuous treatment with PAR4-AP. Green lines represent cell index (CI) treated with PAR4-AP, and red lines are CI treated with the PAR4 control peptide. (b) The cell viability of ESCC cells was measured by MTT assay following 1, 2, 6, 12, and 24 h of treatment with PAR4-AP, respectively. (c) Cells were stained with Andy Fluor 488 Annexin V and PI and analyzed by flow cytometry following treatment with PAR4-AP. The ratio of apoptosis in ESCC cells was detected by flow cytometry following 1, 2, 6, 12, and 24 h of treatment with PAR4-AP, respectively. The data are expressed as the mean ± SEM (). versus controls.

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