The Impact of Purinergic System Enzymes on Noncommunicable, Neurological, and Degenerative Diseases

Table 2

Ectonucleotidases (E-NTPDase, E-5-nucleotidase, and ADA) and purinergic receptors in experimental models and patients with hypertension.

Sample	E-NTPDase	E-5-nucleotidase	Adenosine deaminase	Involved receptors	Reference
Treg cells from angiotensin II-dependent hypertension	↑ expression CD39; ↑ enzymatic activity to ATP and ADP	—	—	—	[99]
Pulmonary arterial hypertension	↑ expression CD39; ↑ enzymatic activity to ATP and ADP	—	—	—	[100, 101]
Preeclampsia	↑ expression CD39 can protect against preeclampsia	—	—	—	[102]
Synaptosomes from rat heart	↑ expression of NTPDase 2	↑ expression			[77, 103]
Human coronary arteries	—	↑ expression	—	P1 upregulation	[104]
Platelets and lymphocytes of hypertensive human	↑ expression; ↑ enzymatic activity	↑ enzymatic activity	↑ enzymatic activity	—	[109–111]
Animal membrane fractions of renal tissue	—	—	↓ enzymatic activity and expression	A2A downregulation; A3 upregulation	[113]
Platelet of pregnant hypertensive woman	—	—	↑ enzymatic activity	—	[114, 115]
Placenta of pregnant hypertensive woman	—	↑ expression; ↑ enzymatic activity	—	—	[116]