Cyanidin-3-glucoside Alleviates 4-Hydroxyhexenal-Induced NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation via JNK-c-Jun/AP-1 Pathway in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Figure 5

Effects of C3G on AP-1 activity during HHE-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. ARPE-19 cells were transfected with plasmid with AP-1 response element (p pAP1-TA-luc) and a Renilla luciferase-expressing vector (pRL-TK) for 24 h. Then, cells were pretreated with C3G for 2 h and then HHE (50 μM) was challenged for 12 h in serum-free culture mediums. The promoter activities of AP-1 were analyzed with a luciferase reporter assay. Values are expressed as the mean ± SD from three independent experiments. Bars with different letters are significantly different from each other ().