Influence of Biological Therapeutics, Cytokines, and Disease Activity on Depression in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Table 1

Sociodemographics of cohort.

Characteristics	All subjects	RA subjects	Healthy subjects		Depressed subjects		SLE subjects
	()	()	()	value	()	value	()	value
Gender, number (%)
Female	192 (92)	69 (84)	21 (95)	0.291	29 (91)	0.550	73 (100)	<0.001
Age, mean ± SD	49.27 ± 11.99	54.99 ± 10.08	43.14 ± 11.54	< 0.001	49.25 ± 14.03	0.040	44.70 ± 10.38	<0.001
Education (years), mean ± SD	8.43 ± 4.45	6.85 ± 3.99	13.55 ± 3.10	< 0.001	8.91 ± 4.31	0.017	8.88 ± 4.14	0.002
Education level, number (%)				< 0.001		0.200		<0.001
Primary (or less)	97 (46)	53 (65)	1 (5)		15 (47)		28 (38)
Middle school	34 (16)	14 (17)	2 (9)		7 (22)		11 (15)
High school	44 (21)	7 (9)	8 (36)		5 (16)		24 (33)
College	32 (15)	7 (9)	10 (45)		5 (16)		10 (14)
Graduate school	2 (1)	1 (1)	1 (5)		0 (0)		0 (0)
Marriage status, number (%)				0.024		0.428		0.026
Unmarried	33 (16)	9 (11)	8 (36)		6 (19)		10 (14)
Married	135 (65)	50 (61)	9 (41)		22 (69)		54 (74)
Divorced	28 (13)	14 (17)	4 (18)		2 (6)		8 (11)
Widowed	10 (5)	8 (10)	0 (0)		2 (6)		0 (0)
Cohabiting	3 (1)	1 (1)	1 (5)		0 (0)		1 (1)
Employment status, number (%)				0.002		0.137		0.452
Employed	88 (42)	28 (34)	16 (73)		16 (50)		28 (38)