Diverse Profiles of Toll-Like Receptors 2, 4, 7, and 9 mRNA in Peripheral Blood and Biopsy Specimens of Patients with Celiac Disease

Table 2

Comparison of TLR gene expression between the present and previous studies in blood and biopsy specimens of patients with active CD.

Gene	Sample	Present study	Previous studies (ref)
TLR2	Blood	No significant difference of TLR2 mRNA in CD patients compared with HC.	No significant difference of TLR2 mRNA in CD patients compared with HC [22].
	Biopsy	Higher expression of TLR2 mRNA in CD patients compared with HC.	Higher expression of TLR2 mRNA in CD patients compared with HC [18].
			Decrease expression of TLR2 mRNA in CD patients compared with HC [10].
TLR4	Blood	Higher expression of TLR4 mRNA in CD patients compared with HC.	Higher expression of TLR4 mRNA in CD patients compared with HC [22].
	Biopsy	Higher expression of TLR4 mRNA in CD patients compared with HC.	Higher expression of TLR4 mRNA in CD patients compared with HC [18, 19].
TLR7	Blood	No significant difference of TLR7 mRNA in CD patients compared with HC.	Higher expression of TLR7 mRNA in CD patients compared with HC [22].
	Biopsy	No significant difference of TLR7 mRNA in CD patients compared with HC.	No significant difference of TLR7 mRNA in CD patients compared with HC [19].
TLR9	Blood	Higher expression of TLR9 mRNA in CD patients compared with HC.	Not investigated.
	Biopsy	Decrease expression of TLR9 mRNA in CD patients compared with HC.	Higher expression of TLR9 mRNA in CD patients compared with HC [10].