Review Article

Monoclonal Antibodies versus Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors in Combination with Bortezomib or Lenalidomide plus Dexamethasone for the Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma: An Indirect-Comparison Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Table 2

Patients’ baseline characteristics and disease-related demographics of included studies.

StudyCASTORPOLLUXELOQUENT-2NCT01478048PANORAMA1VANTAGE088
ECECECECECEC

Number of patients2512472862833213257775387381317320

Median age (year)646465656766656563636163

ECOG performance status
 0NANA139 (48.6)150 (53.0)NANA38 (49.4)46 (61.3)175 (45.2)162 (42.5)126 (39.7)119 (37.2)
 1NANA1 o r2:
147 (51.4)
1 or 2:
133 (47.0)
NANA35 (45.5)23 (30.7)191 (49.4)186 (48.8)164 (51.7)167 (52.2)
 2NANANANA2 (0.03)6 (8.0)19 (4.9)29 (7.6)24 (7.6)34 (10.6)

ISS disease staging
 I98 (39.0)96 (38.9)137 (47.9)140 (49.5)141 (43.9)138 (42.5)26 (33.8)19 (25.3)156 (40.3)152 (39.9)95 (30.0)80 (25.0)
 II94 (37.5)100 (40.5)93 (32.5)86 (30.4)102 (31.8)105 (32.3)23 (29.9)20 (26.7)104 (26.9)92 (24.1)98 (30.9)99 (30.9)
 III59 (23.5)51 (20.6)56 (19.6)57 (20.1)66 (20.6)68 (20.9)11 (14.3)16 (21.3)77 (19.9)86 (22.6)87 (27.4)82 (25.6)
 Not assessed12 (0.04)14 (0.04)17 (22.1)20 (26.7)50 (12.9)51 (13.4)37 (11.7)59 (18.4)
Previous lines of therapy
 1122 (48.6)113 (45.7)149 (52.1)146 (51.6)151 (47.0)159 (48.9)50 (64.9)51 (68.0)197 (50.9)198 (52.0)143 (45.1)127 (39.7)
 270 (27.9)74 (30.0)85 (29.7)80 (28.3)118 (36.8)114 (35.1)2 or more: 27
(35.1)
2 or more: 24
(32.0)
124 (32.0)108 (28.3)105 (33.1)134 (41.9)
 3 or more59 (23.5)60 (24.3)52 (18.2)57 (20.1)52 (16.2)52 (16.0)64 (16.5)75 (19.7)69 (21.8)59 (18.4)

Previous stem-cell transplantation
 Yes156 (62.2)149 (60.3)180 (62.9)180 (63.6)167 (52.0)185 (56.9)39 (50.6)41 (54.7)215 (55.6)224 (58.8)113 (35.6)115 (35.9)
 No95 (37.8)98 (39.7)106 (37.1)103 (36.4)154 (48.0)140 (43.1)38 (49.4)34 (45.3)172 (44.4)157 (41.2)204 (64.4)205 (64.1)

Drugs used in previous treatment
 Proteasome inhibitors179 (71.3)198 (80.2)245 (85.7)242 (85.5)219 (68.2)231 (71.1)39 (50.6)40 (53.3)169 (43.7)161 (42.3)79 (24.9)73 (22.8)
 Immunomodulatory drugs169 (67.3)172 (69.6)158 (55.2)156 (55.1)169 (52.6)178 (54.8)55 (71.4)58 (77.3)277 (71.6)273 (71.7)192 (60.6)208 (65.0)
 Alkylating agents240 (95.6)224 (90.7)268 (93.7)270 (95.4)220 (68.5)197 (60.6)NANA300 (77.5)268 (70.3)NANA

NA: not available; E: experimental group; C: control group.