Journal of Immunology Research

Research Article

A Cross-Sectional Study of the Association between Autoantibodies and Qualitative Ultrasound Index of Bone in an Elderly Sample without Clinical Autoimmune Disease

Table 8

Correlation between autoantibodies and quantitative ultrasound index (QUS index) after adjustment for potential confounders.


Autoantibody	Model 3 (autoantibody + age) [coefficient; (95% CI); value]	Model 4 (autoantibody + age, gender, smoking class, BMI, TARFS, vitamin D, calcium) [coefficient; (95% CI); value]	Model 5 (autoantibody + age, gender, smoking class, BMI, TARFS, vitamin D; calcium; antidepressants, inhaled steroids, antiepileptics; physical activity) [coefficient; (95% CI); value]

ANA borderline	−0.10	−0.09	0.027
	(−0.25; 0.06)	(−0.25; 0.07)	(−0.17; 0.22)



ANA positive	−0.19	−0.11	0.07
	(−0.39; 0.01)	(−0.32; 0.09)	(−0.18; 0.32)



Anti-ENA autoantibodies borderline	0.52	0.70	0.75
	(−0.41; 1.45)	(−0.34; 1.73)	(−0.48; 1.98)



Anti-ENA autoantibodies positive	−0.39	−0.61	−0.95
	(−0.98; 0.21)	(−1.26; 0.03)	(−1.79; 0.11)



NCA borderline	−0.01	0.05	0.06
	(−0.21; 0.19)	(−0.15; 0.25)	(−0.19; 0.30)

		n = 1465	n = 1012

ANCA positive	−0.17	−0.10	0.12
	(−0.44; 0.07)	(−0.38; 0.17)	(−0.23; 0.47)



Anti-TPO autoantibodies positive	−0.19	−0.15	0.035
	(−0.44; 0.07)	(−0.41; 0.11)	(−0.31; 0.38)



Anti-RHF autoantibodies positive	−0.14	−0.11	−0.09
	(−0.35; 0.79)	(−0.34; 0.11)	(−0.35; 0.17)



Anti-TTG autoantibodies positive	−0.15	−0.21	−0.23
	(−0.44; 0.14)	(−0.50; 0.09)	(−0.60; 0.15)

		n = 1640

Anti-CCP autoantibodies positive	−0.45	−0.65	−1.36
	(−1.52; 0.63)	(−1.79; 0.49)	(−2.76; 0.04)



ACGA positive	−0.02	−0.05	−0.098
	(−0.24; 0.19)	(−0.27; 0.17)	(−0.35; 0.16)

Data presented in bold represents significant results. Data presented in italics represents results approaching significance. 95% CI: 95% confidence interval; Ref: reference; ANA: anti-nuclear autoantibodies; Anti-ENA autoantibodies: anti-extractable nuclear antigen autoantibodies; ANCA: anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies; Anti-TPO: anti-thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies; Anti-RHF: anti-rheumatoid factor autoantibodies; Anti-TTG: anti-tissue transglutaminase autoantibodies; Anti-CCP: anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide autoantibodies; ACGA: anti-cardiolipin immunoglobulin G autoantibodies; BMI: body mass index; PA: physical activity; TARFS: Total Australian Recommended Food Score.