High-Risk Indicators of Renal Involvement in Primary Sjogren’s Syndrome: A Clinical Study of 1002 Cases

Table 1

Demographic, clinical, histological, immunological, and inflammatory features of primary Sjogren’s syndrome with or without renal involvement.

	Without renal involvement; 840	With renal involvement; 162	value
Seroperitoneum	0	6 (3.7%)	0.000
Dizziness	12 (1.4%)	8 (4.9%)	0.003
Palpitate	14 (1.7%)	6 (3.7%)	0.090
Breathe hard	26 (3.1%)	9 (5.6%)	0.118
Digestive tract symptoms	19 (2.3%)	31 (19.1%)	0.000
Respiratory system symptoms	30 (3.6%)	15 (9.3%)	0.001
Congestion of throat	1 (0.1%)	10 (6.2%)	0.000
Bilateral pleural effusion	0	3 (1.9%)	0.000
Lipsotrichia	53 (6.3%)	4 (2.5%)	0.053
Dry cough	4 (0.5%)	1 (0.6%)	0.815
Edema in the face	5 (0.6%)	14 (8.6%)	0.000
Edema of both lower limbs	13 (1.5%)	42 (25.9%)	0.000
Hypourocrinia	0	4 (2.5%)	0.000
Frequent micturition	8 (1.0%)	10 (6.2%)	0.000
Urgency of urine	8 (1.0%)	7 (4.3%)	0.000
Odynuria	3 (0.4%)	4 (2.5%)	0.003
Rampant caries	187 (22.3%)	34 (21%)	0.720
Erythema	149 (17.7%)	23 (14.2%)	0.274
Weak	119 (14.2%)	50 (30.9%)	0.000
Poor appetite	9 (1.0%)	25 (15.4%)	0.000
Dry mouth	669 (79.6%)	129 (79.6%)	0.997
Xerophthalmia	457 (54.4%)	94 (58%)	0.396
Arthralgia	493 (58.7%)	68 (42%)	0.000
Fever	149 (17.7%)	28 (17.3%)	0.890
Reynolds	33 (3.9%)	9 (5.6%)	0.344
Dental ulcer	69 (8.2%)	16 (9.9%)	0.487
Courpature	1 (0.1%)	1 (0.6%)	0.193
Hematuria	0	1 (0.6%)	0.023
Polydipsia	1 (0.1%)	2 (1.2%)	0.021
Diuresis	1 (0.1%)	2 (1.2%)	0.021
Nocturia	2 (0.2%)	17 (18.5%)	0.000
Parotid swelling and pain	29 (3.5%)	3 (1.9%)	0.289
Anti-scl-70	0	2 (1.2%)	0.001
Anti-Jo-1	0	2 (1.2%)	0.001
pANCA	17 (2%)	4 (2.5%)	0.717
cANCA	3 (0.4%)	1 (0.6%)	0.631
RF	144 (17.1%)	44 (27.2%)	0.003
Anti-ENA	169 (20.1%)	59 (36.4%)	0.000
Anti-ds DNA	18 (2.1%)	3 (1.9%)	0.813
Anti-SSA	579 (68.9%)	80 (49.4%)	0.000
Anti-SSB	54 (6.4%)	19 (11.7%)	0.017
Anti-Sm	4 (0.5%)	4 (2.5%)	0.009
Anti-RNP	87 (10.4%)	15 (9.3%)	0.672