Celiac Disease in Children, Particularly with Accompanying Type 1 Diabetes, Is Characterized by Substantial Changes in the Blood Cytokine Balance, Which May Reflect Inflammatory Processes in the Small Intestinal Mucosa

Table 1

Number, median age, gender, and median values of IgA to tTG of the study persons.

Study groups	CD				All CDs		T1D		Control group
Gender	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female
Number of persons
Median age (years) (IQR)	7.0 (3.5-19.7)	6.5 (5.0-13.3)	7.0 (3.4-11.6)	7.0 (6.0-19.4)	7.0 (3.4-10.1)	7.0 (5.0-11.0)	8.5 (4.0-13.1)		13.5 (4.9-15.7)	14.9 (3.0-16.7)
IgA-tTG median value (EIU) (IQR)	140.0 (108.8-549.6)	115.5 (78.5-418.8)	126.5 (78.5-1693)	52.3 (35.0-28.0)	134.5 (102.5-725)	103.00 (52.3-400)	8.4 (7.0-9.8)		0.30 (0.1-1.2)	0.65 (0.4-1.1)

CD: celiac disease; T1D: type 1 diabetes; IQR: interquartile range (25%-75%); EIU: enzyme immunoassay units (values of IgA-tTG higher than 10 EliA U/ml are considered positive). No significant difference between the number of males and the number of females studied in the CD group: , ; in the group: , ; in the whole CD group: , ; and in the control group: , . Significantly higher median age of females in the control group compared to median age of females in the CD group () and in all CDs () (Mann-Whitney test). No significant difference between the median age of males and that of females in the CD group (), in the group (), in the whole CD group (), and in the control group () (Mann-Whitney test). No significant difference between the median values of IgA to tTG between males and females in the CD group (), in the group (), in the whole CD group (), and in the control group () (Mann-Whitney test).