Circulating CD3⁺HLA-DR⁺ Extracellular Vesicles as a Marker for Th1/Tc1-Type Immune Responses

Figure 4

Comparison of T cell-derived EVs between Th1 and Th2 cultures. Three pairs of established Th1 and Th2 cells were restimulated with CD3 and CD28 antibodies under Th1- and Th2-inducing conditions with a starting cell density of cells/ml. After 5-day culture, the cell density was determined by the trypan blue dye-exclusion test (a) and levels of CD3⁺CD4⁺ EVs (b), CD3⁺CD63⁺ EVs (c), and CD3⁺HLA-DR⁺ EVs (d) in the culture supernatants were measured by AlphaLISA. AlphaLISA counts were normalized by dividing the value by the cell number. Data are presented as the . , by the Mann–Whitney test between Th1 and Th2.

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(b)

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