Nε-Carboxymethyl-Lysine Negatively Regulates Foam Cell Migration via the Vav1/Rac1 Pathway

Figure 5

CML inhibit lamellipodia formation and foam cell migration in vivo and in vitro via Vav1/Rac1 pathway. Wound healing assay (a) and Transwell migration assay (b) were used to evaluate the cell migration capacity in vitro (200x magnification). (c) In vivo migration assay: wild type, Vav1 siRNA, and 6-thio-GTP pretreated peritoneal macrophage were treated with oxLDL+CML for 24 h before injected into mice peritoneally, three hours after LPS injection peritoneal cells were collected and the percentage of macrophages in the lavage was quantified by flow cytometry; . (d) Peritoneal macrophages were exposed to CML+oxLDL in the presence or absence of Vav1 siRNA, and 6-thio-GTP, CD68, Rac1-GTP, and DAPI were stained. Values are presented as the from three independent experiments. Scale bars, 10 μm.

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