Protective Effects of Two Safflower Derived Compounds, Kaempferol and Hydroxysafflor Yellow A, on Hyperglycaemic Stress-Induced Podocyte Apoptosis via Modulating of Macrophage M1/M2 Polarization

Figure 3

The effects of Ka and HSYA on iNOS, TNF-α, Arg-1, and CD206 protein expressions in HG-induced macrophages as measured by Western blotting. TNF-α protein expression was shown in (a) and represented in (b). iNOS and Arg-1 protein expressions were shown in (c) and represented in (d, e). CD206 protein expression was shown in (f) and represented in (g). All results were expressed as a ration with respect to control and represented as the in triplicates. versus NG. ^# versus HG. ^&, Ka4 versus Ka8. ^{^}, HSYA100 versus HSYA200. Abbreviations: NG: 11.1 mM glucose; HG: 33.3 mM glucose; Ka4: kaempferol 4 μM in HG; Ka8: kaempferol 8 μM in HG; HSYA100: hydroxysafflor yellow A 100 μM in HG; HSYA200: hydroxysafflor yellow A 200 μM in HG; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α; iNOS: inducible nitric oxide synthase; CD206: mannose receptor; Arg-1: arginase-1.

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