The Regulatory Effects of mTOR Complexes in the Differentiation and Function of CD4⁺ T Cell Subsets

Figure 7

The regulation of mTOR on Th9 cell differentiation. Th9 cell differentiation is positively regulated by mTORC1 and mTORC2. mTORC1 positively regulates Th9 cell differentiation through the HIF1α-dependent glycolytic pathway and promotes the histone acetylation of IL-9 promoter. mTORC2 positively regulates IL-9 and Th9 cell differentiation mainly via the AKT-FoxO1 signaling pathway. mTORC2 also could regulate the expression of IRF4 through a FoxO1/FoxO3a-independetn pathway, while the detailed mechanism has not been illuminated.