Research Article
Sickle Cell Anemia Patients Display an Intricate Cellular and Serum Biomarker Network Highlighted by TCD4+CD69+ Lymphocytes, IL-17/MIP-1β, IL-12/VEGF, and IL-10/IP-10 Axis
| | Characteristics | Healthy donors HD () | SCA patients () | value |
| | Demographic and epidemiological data | | Gender, male/female (%) | 52/18 (74/26) | 10/20 (33/67) | — | | Age () | | | — | | Residence (%) | | Autazes (AM) | | 2 (6) | — | | Apuí (AM) | | 1(3) | — | | Bacabau (MA) | | 1(3) | — | | Belém (PA) | | 3 (10) | — | | Itacoatiara (AM) | | 1(3) | — | | Manacapuru (AM) | | 3 (10) | — | | Manaquiri (AM) | | 1 (3) | — | | Manaus (AM) | | 11 (36) | — | | Monte Alegre (PA) | | 1 (3) | — | | Óbidos (PA) | | 2 (6) | — | | Oriximiná (PA) | | 2 (6) | — | | Tefé (AM) | | 1 (3) | — | | Ignored | | 2 (6) | — | | Hematological records (median, range) | | Hematocrit (%) | 44.75 (35.0-45.1) | 24.4 (3.7-33.8) | | | Hemoglobin levels (g/dL) | 15.15 (11.4-15.6) | 7.95 (1.3-11.4) | | | 6.0 (3.4-6.6) | 7.13 (2.5–12.5) | | | 5.07 (4.1-5.6) | 2.47 (0.7-4.5) | | | MCV (fL) | 87.7 (71.2-92.0) | 99.25 (68.6-123.3) | | | MCH (pg) | 29.8 (24.8-29.7) | 31.9 (20.1-42.0) | | | CHCM (g/dL) | 34.2 (31.0-34.6) | 33.6 (30.4-35.2) | | | RDW (%) | 13.8 (11.9-14.2) | 18.2 (15.2-25.6) | | | 246 (100-300) | 421 (146.8-859.0) | | | MPV (fL) | 7.75 (5.8-8.9) | 7.6 (6.0-9.5) | | | Reticulocytes (%) | — | 16.32 (4.2-34.8) | — | | — | 387.45 (163.1-792.6) | — | | Signals and symptoms (%) | | Headache | — | 19 (63) | — | | Joint pain | — | 19 (63) | — | | Weakness | — | 18 (60) | — | | Jaundice | — | 17 (57) | — | | Leg ulcers | — | 10 (33) | — | | Vasoocclusive crises | — | 11 (37) | — | | Cholelithiasis | — | 8 (27) | — | | Splenic sequestration | — | 6 (20) | — | | Acute thoracic syndrome | — | 8 (27) | — | | Pulmonar hypertension | — | 7 (23) | — | | Femur head osteonecrosis | — | 5 (17) | — |
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Nonparametric test of Mann-Whitney. Hematimetric indices: MCV—mean corpuscular volume; MCH—mean corpuscular hemoglobin; CHCM—mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; RDW—red cell distribution width; MPV—mean platelet volume. |
