Potential Biomarkers of Peripheral and Central Fatigue in High-Intensity Trained Athletes at High-Temperature: A Pilot Study with Momordica charantia (Bitter Melon)

Table 5

Changes in peripheral fatigue parameters during summer season training before and after MCE supplementation.

Variable	Before exercise	During exercise	After exercise	Morning after exercise
Ammonia (μg/dL)
Pre					T	6.317^$$
Post					S	24.883^$$
-value	3.879	4.464	2.156	1.013		5.250^$$
Uric acid (mg/dL)
Pre					T	6.003^$
Post					S	3.600
-value	0.106	0.723	1.222	0.464		4.192

Values are mean and standard deviation. , , compared to the before-MCE supplementation values, ^#, ^##, ^### compared to the rest values. T: time effect; S: supplementation effect; : , ^$, ^$$.