Cellular and Molecular Immunology Approaches for the Development of Immunotherapies against the New Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): Challenges to Near-Future Breakthroughs

Figure 4

Good results of immunotherapies on clinical trials and nonclinical studies in the immune response against COVID-19. (a) Recent and preliminary positive findings with clinical trials using immunotherapy for COVID-19 treatment are summarized focusing on immune event alterations and recovery, as well as in nonclinical studies (b) for immunotherapeutic interventions using bioinformatics tools, cell cultivation, and animal models; they are also based on past information with other related viral respiratory diseases and autoimmune disorders. Created with BioRender.com.