|
| Product | Potential benefits for COVID-19 | Reference |
|
| Daclatasvir | Antiviral compounds with immunomodulatory effect: reduce viral load and proinflammatory cytokines using in vitro cell cultivation with SARS-CoV-2 | Sacramento et al. [160] |
| Bovine lactoferrin | Antiviral compounds with immunomodulatory effect: reduce viral load and possible reduction of proinflammatory cytokines and induction of T cell activation | Carvalho et al. [167] |
| Kepi—inhibitory subunit of the protein phosphatase 1 complex (PP1) | Inhibition/blockade of immune response pathways: reduce signaling of inflammatory cytokines, as TNF-α in mice models infected with SARS-CoV | McDermott et al. [176] |
| Hybrid IFN-α B/D | Inhibition/blockade of immune response pathways: it was effective to inhibit SARS-CoV replication in Vero cells by in vitro assays and could reduce SARS-CoV replication in the lungs of infected mice | Barnard et al. [177] |
| CCR2 antagonist/anti-CCR2 | Inhibition/blockade of immune response pathways: may promote monocyte egress from the bone marrow and monocyte recruitment in tissues | Merad and Martin [140] |
| IRAK4 inhibitor/PF-06650833; CA-4948 | Inhibition/blockade of immune response pathways: may reduce inflammation caused by macrophages, mediates TLR and IL-1β signaling | Merad and Martin [140] |
| PAR-1 antagonist (SCH530348), PAR-1 antagonist receptor (SCH79797) | Anticoagulants: may reduce levels of proinflammatory cytokines, neutrophilic lung inflammation, and other harmful pathological effects that are associated with the disseminated intravascular coagulation in COVID-19 | Khoufache et al./Bacil et al. [179, 183] |
| Inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTKi) | Immunotherapeutic approaches with similarities to other immunopathological diseases: may reduce B cell responses and macrophage polarization, as observed in patients with B cell malignancies | Chong et al. [180] |
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