Elevated IL-12, TNF-α, and TNF-α/IL-10 Ratios in Stored Plasmodium falciparum-Infected Whole Blood: Implications for Safe Haemotransfusion

Figure 1

Changes in cytokine levels in donor whole blood stored for 35 days: (a) changes in TNF-α levels, (b) changes in IL-6 levels, (c) changes in IL-10 levels, (d) changes in IL-12 levels, and (e) changes in TNF-α/IL-10 levels. -test determined values to be <0.05 in all cytokine levels for each timed point after storage between infected and noninfected donor blood.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)