Clinical Features and Outcomes of Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in China

Table 5

Comparison of clinical characteristics of NPSLE patients with seizure, NPSLE patients without seizure, and non-NPSLE patients.

	NPSLE with seizure, () (%)	Non-NPSLE () (%)	value	NPSLE without seizure, () (%)	value
Female	66 (93.0)	202 (91.8)	0.757	114 (92.7)	0.943
Age (years)			0.002		<0.001
SLE duration (years)			0.796		0.304
Malar rash	51 (71.8)	79 (35.9)	<0.001	85 (69.1)	0.690
Oral ulcer	16 (22.5)	17 (7.7)	0.001	23 (18.7)	0.521
Arthritis	21 (29.6)	41 (18.6)	0.050	39 (31.7)	0.757
Serositis	41 (57.7)	21 (9.5)	<0.001	43 (35.0)	0.002
Vasculitis	5 (7.0)	20 (9.1)	0.592	7 (5.7)	0.707
Renal involvement	39 (54.9)	82 (37.3)	0.009	64 (52.0)	0.697
Fever	30 (42.3)	35 (15.9)	<0.001	49 (39.8)	0.741
Leukopenia	37 (52.1)	46 (20.9)	<0.001	48 (39.0)	0.077
Thrombocytopenia	32 (45.1)	33 (15.0)	<0.001	38 (30.9)	0.048
ESR (mm/h)			<0.001		0.296
CRP (mg/L)			<0.001		0.540
Hypocomplementemia	57 (80.3)	138 (62.7)	0.006	96 (78.0)	0.714
Anti-dsDNA positive	33 (46.5)	116 (52.7)	0.360	58 (47.2)	0.506
Anti-Sm positive	27 (38.6)	114 (51.8)	0.043	43 (35.0)	0.616
Anti-RNP positive	38 (54.3)	121 (55.0)	0.210	63 (51.2)	0.628
Anti-SSA positive	42 (60.0)	151 (68.6)	0.087	84 (68.3)	0.245
Anti-SSB positive	11 (15.7)	72 (32.7)	0.005	23 (18.7)	0.601
Anti-RibP positive	29 (40.8)	47 (21.4)	0.001	52 (42.6)	0.872
aCL positive	11/67 (16.4)	19/163 (11.7)	0.330	20/120 (16.7)	0.965
LA positive	13/62 (21.0)	44 (24.9)	0.536	25/109 (22.9)	0.766
Anti-β2GP1 positive	12/65 (18.5)	18/187 (9.6)	0.058	14/117 (12.0)	0.230
SLEDAI			<0.001		<0.001
SLEDAI without NP scores			<0.001		0.105

NPSLE: neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP: C-reactive protein; dsDNA: double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid; RNP: ribonucleoprotein; Sm: Smith; SSA: Sjogren’s syndrome antigen A; SSB: Sjogren’s syndrome antigen B; RibP: ribosomal P protein; aCL: anticardiolipin; LA: lupus anticoagulant; β2GP1: β2 glycoprotein 1; SLEDAI: systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index. Significant values are shown in bold typeface.