The Immunomodulation Potential of Exosomes in Tumor Microenvironment

Figure 2

The functions of cancer exosomes in immunomodulation. Exosomes isolated from cancer cells are turned out to promote immune evasion and interfere with immune responses in tumors through inducing apoptosis of CD8+ T cells, facilitating generation of Tregs, suppressing NK cells cytotoxicity, inhibiting maturation and differentiation of monocyte, and enhancing suppressive function of MDSCs. NK cells: natural killer cells; DCs: dendritic cells; MDSCs: myeloid-derived suppressor cells.