Dysbiosis of Gut Microbiota Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression by Regulating the Immune Response
Table 1
Clinical characteristics of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Clinical and pathological indexes
Early group ()
Intermediate group ()
Terminal group ()
p1#
p2#
p3#
Age (years)
61.00 (53.00-65.00)
59.00 (53.00-63.00)
59.00 (47.75-65.75)
1
1
1
ALT (U/L)
30.10 (22.40-39.30)
30.20 (18.85-45.35)
42.15 (27.90-57.28)
1
0.462
0.148
AST (U/L)
31.30 (25.50-45.00)
36.50 (26.65-55.95)
65.45 (52.43-122.50)
1
<0.001
<0.001
TBIL (μmol/L)
18.50 (15.40-30.10)
25.90 (14.35-42.90)
57.00 (34.55-155.50)
1
0.001
0.005
DBIL (μmol/L)
9.50 (5.90-14.00)
10.80 (7.70-16.55)
35.45 (19.78-144.20)
0.905
<0.001
0.001
GGT (U/L)
38.85 (19.00-68.50)
57.30 (38.40-123.80)
164.90 (92.53-240.30)
0.684
<0.001
0.003
ALP (U/L)
79.75 (60.90-99.53)
97.30 (77.40-115.70)
158.55 (120.80-271.50)
0.276
<0.001
<0.001
ALB (g/L)
34.40 (30.50-40.30)
34.40 (31.60-38.00)
32.05 (27.18-35.10)
1
0.202
0.152
CRE (μmol/L)
67.60 (52.40-77.60)
61.40 (52.35-66.90)
66.90 (53.93-85.65)
0.669
1
0.223
CHE (U/L)
3866.50 (2975.00-5406.00)
3651.00 (3001.00-4964.00)
1764.50 (1289.00-2892.00)
1
<0.001
<0.001
TBA (μmol/L)
34.00 (14.23-42.25)
19.30 (6.90-57.10)
53.00 (27.00-133.70)
1
0.097
0.006
WBC (/L)
3.68 (1.91-4.47)
4.20 (2.69-5.57)
5.06 (3.37-6.39)
0.25
0.041
0.25
HGB (g/L)
129.00 (109.00-138.00)
123.00 (105.00-149.00)
105.00 (96.25-132.50)
0.473
0.26
0.398
PLT (/L)
87.00 (57.50-97.50)
82.00 (53.5-119.50)
93.50 (47.00-148.50)
1
1
1
INR
1.21 (1.07-1.39)
1.19 (1.09-1.36)
1.20 (1.11-1.32)
1
1
1
MELD score
60.47 (56.36-62.13)
60.12 (56.90-63.55)
64.71 (62.23-67.03)
1
0.307
0.408
Child-Pugh
A
13 (0.684)
21 (0.568)
1 (0.056)
0.397
<0.001
<0.001
B
6 (0.316)
16 (0.432)
7 (0.389)
0.397
0.737
0.759
C
0 (0.000)
0 (0.000)
10 (0.556)
—
<0.001
<0.001
One-way analysis of variance was used to evaluate the difference among the three groups. Continuous variables were compared using Wilcoxon rank sum test between the two groups. Fisher’s exact test compared categorical variables. ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; TBIL: total bilirubin; DBIL: direct bilirubin; GGT: gamma glutamyl transpeptidase; ALP: alkaline phosphatase; ALB: albumin; CRE: creatinine; CHE: cholinesterase; TBA: total serum bile acid; WBC: white blood count; HGB: hematoglobin; PLT: platelets; INR: prothrombin time international standardized ratio; MELD: model for end-stage liver disease. Values indicate median and 25%-75% percentile. #p1 referred to early vs. intermediate, p2 referred to early vs. terminal, and p3 referred to intermediate vs. terminal.
