High Expression of VSTM2L Induced Resistance to Chemoradiotherapy in Rectal Cancer through Downstream IL-4 Signaling

Figure 1

High expression of VSTM2L correlates with poor tumor response and prognosis in patients with rectal cancer receiving pCRT. (a) Venn diagram analysis of GEO datasets GSE45404, GSE68204, and GSE87211 about rectal cancer patients treated with pCRT showed 9 upregulated genes in nonresponders to pCRT between response (R) and nonresponse (NR) groups in GSE45404 and GSE68204 and significantly different genes between normal (N) and tumor (T) groups in GSE87211. The standard of selection is on the significance of and alteration of . (b) The mRNA expression level of VSTM2L is significantly downregulated in tumor compared to normal tissues in GSE87211 (, ). (c, d) The mRNA expression level of VSTM2L is significantly upregulated in tumor tissues of the nonresponse group compared to that of the response group in GSE45404 (, ) and GSE68204 (, ), respectively. (e–h) The mRNA and protein expression level of VSTM2L in the response and nonresponse groups from 6 rectal cancer biopsy tissues. Scale bar: 200x: 50 μm, 400x: 20 μm. (i, j) The Kaplan-Meier survival curves of patients in GSE87211 demonstrate the significant prognostic impact of VSTM2L expression on survival time () and disease-free time (). , , and .

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