Pretreatment Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value Efficiently Predicts Survival Outcomes in Glioblastoma Multiforme Patients Receiving Radiotherapy and Temozolomide

Table 3

The bar chart demonstrating the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival outcomes for the entire study population and per pan-immune-inflammation value groups.

Variable	Progression-free survival			Overall survival
	Univariate; value	Multivariate; value	HR	Univariate; value	Multivariate; value	HR
Age (≤50 vs. >50 years)	0.64	—	1.06	0.73	—	1.04
Gender (male vs. female)	078	—	0.97	0.81	—	0.95
ECOG (0 vs. 1)	0.39	—	0.93	0.35	—	0.91
RTOG-RPA group (III vs. IV-V)	<0.001	<0.001	0.67	<0.001	<0.001	0.63
Symptom duration (<3 vs. ≥3 months)	0.42	—	0.89	0.45	—	0.91
Extent of resection (GTR vs. STR/biopsy)	0.027	0.036	0.53	0.024	0.029	0.48
Anticonvulsant usage (no vs. yes	0.83	—	0.96	0.87	—	0.98
Steroid usage (no vs. yes)	0.17	—	0.84	0.19	—	0.86
Adjuvant TMZ cycles (≤6 vs.7-12)	0.24	—	0.88	0.20	—	0.83
PIV group (L-PIV vs. H-PIV)	<0.001	<0.001	0.38	<0.001	<0.001	0.41

Abbreviations: HR: hazard ratio; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; RTOG RPA: Radiation Therapy Oncology Group recursive partitioning analysis; GTR: gross total resection; STR: subtotal resection; TMZ: temozolomide; L-PIV: low pan-immune-inflammation value; H-PIV: high pan-immune-inflammation value.