Helicobacter pylori Infection Elicits Type I Interferon Response in Human Monocytes via Toll-Like Receptor 8 Signaling

Figure 9

Illustration depicting the detection of H. pylori ssRNA by the endosomal TLR8 and downstream signaling pathway that results in transactivation of IFN-α and IFN-β. In contrast, extracellular bacteria molecules are detected mainly by TLR2 and TLR5 that trigger activation of NF-κB that transactivates proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-6.