The Bioactivities of Phycocyanobilin from Spirulina

Table 1

The bioactivities of phycocyanobilin and phycocyanin.

Bioactivities	Bioactive compound	Mechanism of action	Reference
Antioxidant	Phycocyanobilin	Scavenge ROS and radicals	[14]
	Phycocyanin	Scavenge ROS and radicals	[15, 16]
Anti-inflammation	Phycocyanobilin	Inhibit the expression of inflammation-related genes; Downregulate the quantity level of proinflammatory mediator	[15, 17, 18]
Anticancer	Phycocyanobilin	Antiproliferative effect on cancer cells	[19, 20]
	Phycocyanin	Induce cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest; Prevent cell migration and colony formation	[21, 22]
Other applications
Diabetes	Phycocyanobilin	Suppress NADPH oxidase activation	[23, 24]
Atherosclerosis	Phycocyanobilin	Modulate atheroprotective heme oxygenase-1 (Hmox1); Regulate essential makers of oxidative stress	[25]
Asthma	Phycocyanobilin	Inhibit NADPH oxidase	[26]
Stroke	Phycocyanobilin	Protect vascular endothelium	[9, 27]
Multiple sclerosis (MS)	Phycocyanobilin	Protect demyelination and axonal loss	[9, 28]