Biological and Immune Responses to Current Anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccines beyond Anti-Spike Antibody Production

Figure 1

The “original antigenic sin.” When the body first encounters a pathogen, it produces effective antibodies against its dominant antigen and thus eliminates the pathogen. Selective pressure can originate pathogens with new dominant antigens, with the original antigens now being recessive. In this case, the immune system still produces the former antibodies against the old “now recessive antigen” and develops antibodies against the new dominant one scarcely. The results are the production of ineffective antibodies and generation of weak immunity.