Journal of Immunology Research

Research Article

Expression of PD-L1 and YWHAZ in Patients with Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma: A Possible Association with the Prognosis of Lymphoma

Table 3

Relationship between the protein expression levels of YWHAZ, AKT, p-AKT, BAD, BAX, and BCL-2 and clinicopathological features in patients with DLBCL ().


Item	YWHAZ		AKT		p-AKT		BAD		BAX		BCL-2
	Positive	Negative	Positive	Negative	Positive	Negative	Positive	Negative	Positive	Negative	Positive	Negative

Age (year), (%)
≥60	42 (48.3%)	22 (41.5%)	28 (58.3%)	36 (39.1%)	43 (46.2%)	21 (44.7%)	14 (34.1%)	50 (50.5%)	29 (49.2%)	35 (43.2%)	32 (46.4%)	32 (45.1%)
<60	45 (51.7%)	31 (58.5%)	20 (41.7%)	56 (60.9%)	50 (53.8%)	26 (55.3%)	27 (65.9%)	49 (49.5%)	30 (50.8%)	46 (56.8%)	37 (53.6%)	39 (54.9%)
value	0.439		0.030		0.863		0.078		0.489		0.314

Sex, (%)
Male	50 (57.5%)	32 (60.4%)	28 (58.3%)	54 (58.7%)	53 (57.0%)	29 (61.7%)	25 (61.0%)	57 (57.6%)	32 (54.2%)	50 (61.7%)	37 (53.6%)	45 (63.4%)
Female	37 (42.5%)	21 (39.6%)	20 (41.7%)	38 (41.3%)	40 (43.0%)	18 (38.3%)	16 (39.0%)	42 (42.4%)	27 (45.8%)	31 (38.3%)	32 (46.4%)	26 (36.6%)
value	0.737		0.967		0.596		0.713		0.378		0.244

C-MYC, (%)
Positive	22 (25.3%)	25 (47.2%)	11 (22.9%)	36 (39.1%)	27 (29.0%)	20 (42.6%)	17 (41.5%)	30 (30.3%)	18 (30.5%)	29 (35.8%)	20 (29.0%)	27 (38.0%)
Negative	65 (74.7%)	28 (52.8%)	37 (77.1%)	56 (60.9%)	66 (71.0%)	27 (57.4%)	24 (58.5%)	69 (69.7%)	41 (69.5%)	52 (64.2%)	49 (71.0%)	44 (62.0%)
value	0.008		0.054		0.111		0.206		0.516		0.261

BCL-6, (%)
Positive	70 (80.5%)	47 (88.7%)	40 (83.3%)	77 (83.7%)	77 (82.8%)	40 (85.1%)	37 (90.2%)	80 (80.8%)	52 (88.1%)	65 (80.2%)	58 (84.1%)	59 (83.1%)
Negative	17 (19.5%)	6 (11.3%)	8 (16.7%)	15 (16.3%)	16 (17.2%)	7 (14.9%)	4 (9.8%)	19 (19.2%)	7 (11.9%)	16 (19.8%)	11 (15.9%)	12 (16.9%)
value	0.206		0.957		0.730		0.173		0.216		0.879

MUM-1, (%)
Positive	75 (86.2%)	43 (81.1%)	41 (85.4%)	77 (83.7%)	82 (88.2%)	36 (76.6%)	29 (70.7%)	89 (89.9%)	44 (74.6%)	74 (91.4%)	57 (82.6%)	61 (85.9%)
Negative	12 (13.8%)	10 (18.9%)	7 (14.6%)	15 (16.3%)	11 (11.8%)	11 (23.4%)	12 (29.3%)	10 (10.1%)	15 (25.4%)	7 (8.6%)	12 (17.4%)	10 (14.1%)
value	0.427		0.792		0.076		0.004		0.007		0.594

CD10, (%)
Positive	16 (18.4%)	15 (28.3%)	13 (27.1%)	18 (19.6%)	20 (21.5%)	11 (23.4%)	13 (31.7%)	18 (18.2%)	15 (25.4%)	16 (19.8%)	18 (26.1%)	13 (18.3%)
Negative	71 (81.6%)	38 (71.7%)	35 (72.9%)	74 (80.4%)	73 (78.5%)	36 (76.6%)	28 (68.3%)	81 (81.8%)	44 (74.6%)	65 (80.2%)	51 (73.9%)	58 (81.7%)
value	0.173		0.313		0.800		0.080		0.429		0.271

LDH, (%)
Positive	27 (31.0%)	11 (20.8%)	14 (29.2%)	24 (26.1%)	28 (30.1%)	10 (21.3%)	14 (34.1%)	24 (24.2%)	17 (28.8%)	21 (25.9%)	19 (27.5%)	19 (26.8%)
Negative	60 (69.0%)	42 (79.2%)	34 (70.8%)	68 (73.9%)	65 (69.9%)	37 (78.7%)	27 (65.9%)	75 (75.8%)	42 (71.2%)	60 (74.1%)	50 (72.5%)	52 (73.2%)
value	0.187		0.700		0.270		0.233		0.707		0.919

SCr, (%)
Increased	2 (2.3%)	4 (7.5%)	2 (4.2%)	4 (4.3%)	6 (6.5%)	0 (0.0%)	1 (2.4%)	5 (5.1%)	1 (1.7%)	5 (6.2%)	3 (4.3%)	3 (4.2%)
Normal	85 (97.7%)	49 (92.5%)	46 (95.8%)	88 (95.7%)	87 (93.5%)	47 (100.0%)	40 (97.6%)	94 (94.9%)	58 (98.3%)	76 (93.8%)	66 (95.7%)	68 (95.8%)
value	0.139		0.960		0.076		0.491		0.199		0.972
Immunophenotyping, (%)
Non-GCB	62 (71.3%)	31 (58.5%)	32 (66.7%)	61 (66.3%)	66 (71.0%)	27 (57.4%)	20 (48.8%)	73 (73.7%)	33 (55.9%)	60 (74.1%)	43 (62.3%)	50 (70.4%)
GCB	25 (28.7%)	22 (41.5%)	16 (33.3%)	31 (33.7%)	27 (29.0%)	20 (42.6%)	21 (51.2%)	26 (26.3%)	26 (44.1%)	21 (25.9%)	26 (37.7%)	21 (29.6%)
value	0.122		0.966		0.111		0.004		0.025		0.878

Ann Arbor stage, (%)
III-IV (late stage)	74 (85.1%)	38 (71.7%)	41 (85.4%)	71 (77.2%)	76 (81.7%)	36 (76.6%)	33 (80.5%)	79 (79.8%)	44 (74.6%)	68 (84.0%)	54 (78.3%)	58 (81.7%)
I-II (early stage)	13 (14.9%)	15 (28.3%)	7 (14.6%)	21 (22.8%)	17 (18.3%)	11 (23.4%)	8 (19.5%)	20 (20.2%)	15 (25.4%)	13 (16.0%)	15 (21.7%)	13 (18.3%)
value	0.056		0.250		0.478		0.927		0.173		0.615

Monocyte count (10⁹/l), (%)
Decreased or increased	31 (35.6%)	13 (24.5%)	10 (20.8%)	34 (37.0%)	31 (33.3%)	13 (27.7%)	13 (31.7%)	31 (31.3%)	17 (28.8%)	27 (33.3%)	22 (31.9%)	22 (31.0%)
Normal	56 (64.4%)	40 (75.5%)	38 (79.2%)	58 (63.0%)	62 (66.7%)	34 (72.3%)	28 (68.3%)	68 (68.7%)	42 (71.2%)	54 (66.7%)	47 (68.1%)	49 (69.0%)
value	0.172		0.052		0.498		0.964		0.573		0.910

B symptoms, (%)
Positive	23 (26.4%)	10 (18.9%)	7 (14.6%)	26 (28.3%)	17 (18.3%)	16 (34.0%)	7 (17.1%)	26 (26.3%)	11 (18.6%)	22 (27.2%)	14 (20.3%)	19 (26.8%)
Negative	64 (73.6%)	43 (81.1%)	41 (85.4%)	66 (71.7%)	76 (81.7%)	31 (66.0%)	34 (82.9%)	73 (73.7%)	48 (81.4%)	59 (72.8%)	55 (79.7%)	52 (73.2%)
value	0.310		0.071		0.038		0.247		0.244		0.371

AaIPI, (%)
>2	22 (25.3%)	9 (17.0%)	16 (33.3%)	15 (16.3%)	26 (28.0%)	5 (10.6%)	8 (19.5%)	23 (23.2%)	13 (22.0%)	18 (22.2%)	20 (29.0%)	11 (15.5%)
≤2	65 (74.7%)	44 (83.0%)	32 (66.7%)	77 (83.7%)	67 (72.0%)	42 (89.4%)	33 (80.5%)	76 (76.8%)	46 (78.0%)	63 (77.8%)	49 (71.0%)	60 (84.5%)
value	0.254		0.021		0.020		0.632		0.979		0.055

RBC (10⁹/L), (%)
Decreased	56 (64.4%)	29 (54.7%)	24 (50.0%)	61 (66.3%)	53 (57.0%)	32 (68.1%)	27 (65.9%)	58 (58.6%)	31 (52.5%)	54 (66.7%)	45 (65.2%)	40 (56.3%)
Normal	31 (35.6%)	24 (45.3%)	24 (50.0%)	31 (33.7%)	40 (43.0%)	15 (31.9%)	14 (34.1%)	41 (41.4%)	28 (47.5%)	27 (33.3%)	24 (34.8%)	31 (43.7%)
value	0.260		0.061		0.207		0.427		0.092		0.285

Hemoglobin (g/L), (%)
Decreased	35 (40.2%)	9 (17.0%)	15 (31.3%)	29 (31.5%)	30 (32.3%)	14 (29.8%)	11 (26.8%)	33 (33.3%)	21 (35.6%)	23 (28.4%)	20 (29.0%)	24 (33.8%)
Normal	52 (59.8%)	44 (83.0%)	33 (68.7%)	63 (68.5%)	63 (67.7%)	33 (70.2%)	30 (73.2%)	66 (66.7%)	38 (64.4%)	58 (71.6%)	49 (71.0%)	47 (66.2%)
value	0.004		0.974		0.768		0.454		0.369		0.543

Platelet count (10⁹/L), (%)
Decreased	22 (25.3%)	11 (20.8%)	10 (20.8%)	23 (25.0%)	19 (20.4%)	14 (29.8%)	9 (22.0%)	24 (24.2%)	13 (22.0%)	20 (24.7%)	16 (23.2%)	17 (23.9%)
Normal	65 (74.7%)	42 (79.2%)	38 (79.2%)	69 (75.0%)	74 (79.6%)	33 (70.2%)	32 (78.0%)	75 (75.8%)	46 (78.0%)	61 (75.3%)	53 (76.8%)	54 (76.1%)
value	0.543		0.585		0.221		0.773		0.717		0.917
WBC (10⁹/L), (%)
Decreased or increased	19 (21.8%)	11 (20.8%)	10 (20.8%)	20 (21.7%)	19 (20.4%)	11 (23.4%)	9 (22.0%)	21 (21.2%)	9 (15.3%)	21 (25.9%)	15 (21.7%)	15 (21.1%)
Normal	68 (78.2%)	42 (79.2%)	38 (79.2%)	72 (78.3%)	74 (79.6%)	36 (76.6%)	32 (78.0%)	78 (78.8%)	50 (84.7%)	60 (74.1%)	54 (78.3%)	56 (78.9%)
value	0.881		0.902		0.688		0.923		0.130		0.930

Systemic diseases, (%)
Positive	42 (48.3%)	24 (45.3%)	25 (52.1%)	41 (44.6%)	44 (47.3%)	22 (46.8%)	20 (48.8%)	46 (46.5%)	34 (57.6%)	32 (39.5%)	37 (53.6%)	29 (40.8%)
Negative	45 (51.7%)	29 (54.7%)	23 (47.9%)	51 (55.4%)	49 (52.7%)	25 (53.2%)	21 (51.2%)	53 (53.5%)	25 (42.4%)	49 (60.5%)	32 (46.4%)	42 (59.2%)
value	0.733		0.401		0.955		0.804		0.034		0.132

Primary localization, (%)
Extranodal	59 (67.8%)	35 (66.0%)	37 (77.1%)	57 (62.0%)	61 (65.6%)	33 (70.2%)	26 (63.4%)	68 (68.7%)	44 (74.6%)	50 (61.7%)	46 (66.7%)	48 (67.6%)
Nodal	28 (32.2%)	18 (34.0%)	11 (22.9%)	35 (38.0%)	32 (34.4%)	14 (29.8%)	15 (36.6%)	31 (31.3%)	15 (25.4%)	31 (38.3%)	23 (33.3%)	23 (32.4%)
value	0.829		0.071		0.586		0.549		0.112		0.907

Ki67, (%)
≥70%	59 (67.8%)	38 (71.7%)	35 (72.9%)	62 (67.4%)	71 (76.3%)	26 (55.3%)	31 (75.6%)	66 (66.7%)	35 (59.3%)	62 (76.5%)	49 (71.0%)	48 (67.6%)
<70%	28 (32.2%)	15 (28.3%)	13 (27.1%)	30 (32.6%)	22 (23.7%)	21 (44.7%)	10 (24.4%)	33 (33.3%)	24 (40.7%)	19 (23.5%)	20 (29.0%)	23 (32.4%)
value	0.632		0.505		0.011		0.300		0.029		0.665

ECOG PS, (%)
≥2	50 (57.5%)	18 (34.0%)	27 (56.3%)	41 (44.6%)	54 (58.1%)	14 (29.8%)	19 (46.3%)	49 (49.5%)	25 (42.4%)	43 (53.1%)	38 (55.1%)	30 (42.3%)
<2	37 (42.5%)	35 (66.0%)	21 (43.7%)	51 (55.4%)	39 (41.9%)	33 (70.2%)	22 (53.7%)	50 (50.5%)	34 (57.6%)	38 (46.9%)	31 (44.9%)	41 (57.7%)
value	0.007		0.192		0.001		0.736		0.213		0.131

The calculation of value is related to the Spearman rank. represents statistical differences. DLBCL: diffuse large B cell lymphoma; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; Scr: serum creatinine; WBC: white blood cell count; RBC: red blood cell count; GCB subtype: germinal center B cell-like subtype; Non-GCB subtype: nongerminal center B cell-like subtype; ECOG PS: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status.