Immunohistochemical Features of MMP-9 and pSTAT1 in Granuloma Annulare and Sarcoidosis: A Comparative Study of 62 Cases
Table 1
Comparison of clinical and histological characteristics of patients with GA and sarcoidosis.
Granuloma annulare
Sarcoidosis
()
()
value
Male sex
23
(88.5)
9
(34.6)
0.023
Age at diagnosis, years
47
(14.4-53.9)
53
(38.6–62.2)
0.019
Age category, years
0.029
<20
10
(27.8)
1
(3.9)
20–50
8
(22.2)
9
(34.6)
≥50
18
(50.0)
16
(61.5)
Duration, years
2
(0.8–3)
0.6
(0.2–2)
0.058
Duration category, years
0.058
<1
9
(25.0)
14
(53.9)
1–3
13
(36.1)
7
(26.9)
≥3
14
(38.9)
5
(19.2)
Involved sitesa
Head
7
(19.4)
14
(53.8)
Trunk
9
(25)
10
(38.5)
Upper limbs
15
(41.7)
14
(53.8)
Lower limbs
12
(33.3)
13
(50.0)
Hands
12
(33.3)
7
(26.9)
Feet
7
(19.4)
6
(23.1)
Distribution
0.074
Localized
35
(97.2)
21
(80.8)
Generalized
1
(2.8)
5
(19.2)
Pulmonary involvement
0
4
(15.4)
0.056
Diabetes
4
(11.1)
4
(15.4)
0.71
Hypertension
7
(19.4)
5
(19.2)
1.00
Depth of granulomatous infiltration, μm
1360
(1020–2280)
3140
(1710–6645)
<0.001
Area of granuloma, mm2
2.5
(1.3–5.7)
6.5
(2.1–15.2)
0.005
Histiocytes densityb
677.8
(510.7–1044.6)
718.9
(522.7–913.1)
0.38
Lymphocytes densityb
228.5
(126.6–439.6)
257.1
(155.7–536.5)
0.45
Multinucleated giant cells densityb
0
(0–1.3)
0.3
(0–1.1)
0.95
Pattern of histiocytic infiltration
Palisading
13
(36.1)
Interstitial
23
(63.9)
GA: granuloma annulare. Data are presented as (%) or median (interquartile range). aPatients might be included in more than one category. bThe number of cells in the granuloma category area/(the number of pixels in the granuloma category area/1,000,000). Statistically significant values are shown in bold.
