Challenges in Emerging Vaccines and Future Promising Candidates against SARS-CoV-2 Variants

Table 1

Nomenclature of SARS-CoV-2 variants.

WHO label	Pango lineage	GISAID clade/lineage	Nextstrain clade	First documented	Types of variants
Alpha	B.1.1.7	GRY (formerly GR/501Y.V1)	20I/S:501Y.V1	UK, September 2020	VOC
Beta	B.1.351	GH/501Y.V2	20H/S:501Y.V2	South Africa, May 2020	VOC
Gamma	P.1	GR/501Y.V3	20J/S:501Y.V3	Brazil, November 2020	VOC
Delta	B.1.617.2	G/452R.V3	21A/S:478K	India, October 2020	VOC
Epsilon	B.1.427/B.1.42 9	GH/452R.V1	20C/S.452R	USA, March 2020	VOI
Zeta	P.2	GR 20B	20B/S.484K Brazil	Brazil, April 2020	VOI
Eta	B.1.525	G/484K.V3	20A/S484K	Multiple countries (UK, Denmark, Nigeria),; December 2020	VOI
Theta	P.3	GR	20B/S:265C	Philippines, January 2021	VOI
lota	P.3	GR	20B/S:265C	USA, November 2020	VOI
kappa	B.1.617.1	G/452R.V3	21A/S:154K	India, October 2020	VOI
Omicron	B.1.1.529	GR/484A	21K/21L/21M/22A/22B/22C/22D	Multiple countries (South Africa, China, Hong Kong, UK, Germany, Brazil, India, etc., 2021	VOC