Treatment of In-Stent Restenosis by Excimer Laser Coronary Atherectomy and Drug-Coated Balloon: Serial Assessment with Optical Coherence Tomography

Table 2

Angiographic and procedural findings.

	ELCA group	Non-ELCA group	p value
	(n = 18)	(n = 24)
Number of treated segments, n	20	24
Target vessel
LMCA, %	0 (0)	0 (0)	NS
LAD, %	10 (50.0)	17 (70.8)	0.16
LCX, %	2 (10.0)	3 (12.5)	0.79
RCA, %	8 (40.0)	4 (16.7)	0.08
Bypass graft, %	0 (0)	0 (0)	NS
Previous stent type			0.09
BMS, %	9 (45.0)	5 (20.8)
DES, %	11 (55.0)	19 (79.2)
Restenosis morphology
Focal margin, %	1 (5.0)	6 (25.0)	0.06
Focal body, %	4 (20.0)	9 (37.5)	0.20
Multifocal, %	3 (15.0)	4 (16.7)	0.88
Diffuse, %	11 (55.0)	3 (12.5)	<0.01
Proliferative, %	0 (0)	0 (0)	NS
Occlusive, %	1 (5.0)	4 (16.7)	0.21
Scoring balloon
Balloon diameter, mm	3.36 ± 0.35	2.92 ± 0.32	<0.01
Inflation pressure, atm	11.0 ± 2.5	12.7 ± 4.0	0.11
Balloon-to-artery ratio	1.36 ± 0.25	1.23 ± 0.33	0.14
DCB
Mean diameter, mm	3.22 ± 0.38	2.87 ± 0.29	<0.01
Total length, mm	23.7 ± 5.1	28.0 ± 14.4	0.20
Inflation pressure, atm	9.2 ± 3.0	8.6 ± 2.6	0.50
Inflation time, sec	49.8 ± 7.7	54.2 ± 10.0	0.11
Balloon-to-artery ratio	1.26 ± 0.29	1.22 ± 0.35	0.66
QCA analysis
Preprocedure
Minimal luminal diameter, mm	0.61 ± 0.24	0.44 ± 0.32	0.06
Diameter stenosis, %	68.4 ± 25.1	82.2 ± 12.6	0.02
Reference vessel diameter, mm	2.54 ± 0.57	2.45 ± 0.48	0.58
Lesion length, mm	17.4 ± 11.1	23.0 ± 10.7	0.11
Postprocedure
Minimal luminal diameter, mm	2.08 ± 0.42	2.16 ± 0.42	0.58
Diameter stenosis, %	24.2 ± 10.4	16.6 ± 10.0	0.02
Acute gain, mm	1.50 ± 0.48	1.71 ± 0.49	0.16
Follow-up
Minimal luminal diameter, mm	1.77 ± 0.68	1.89 ± 0.58	0.53
Diameter stenosis, %	34.5 ± 21.5	26.4 ± 19.6	0.21
Late lumen loss, mm	0.34 ± 0.77	0.26 ± 0.65	0.74
Late lumen enlargement, %	6 (31.6)	9 (37.5)	0.69
Binary restenosis, %	3 (15.8)	1 (4.2)	0.19

Continuous variables expressed as mean ± standard deviation; categorical variables, as number (percentage). Balloon-to-artery ratio was calculated as the ratio of the maximum balloon diameter by reference vessel diameter.
ELCA, excimer laser coronary atherectomy; LMCA, left main coronary artery; LAD, left anterior descending artery; LCX, left circumflex artery; RCA, right coronary artery; BMS, bare-metal stent; DES, drug-eluting stent; DCB, drug-coated balloon; QCA, quantitative coronary angiography.